v18_2498 - UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Large cent, tête à gauche, lettres moyennes 1831 Philadelphie

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

The United States was born of Spanish colonization in Florida, French in Canada and Louisiana and English on the Atlantic coast. The latter was a settlement colonization that quickly led to the creation of agricultural and slave colonies in the south and a more religious and capitalist spirit in the north.. In the course of the 18th century, a feeling of independence appeared vis-à-vis the British crown, especially since the colonists of America were not represented in the Parliament of London.. The "Boston Tea Party" – protest against a tax hike on the importation of tea – results in the opening of hostilities and the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. The victory of Yorktown in 1781 allows the signing of the Treaty of Versailles in 1783. In 1787, the constitution is put in place and allows the institutions to function with Georges Washington as the first president. The separation of the three powers, the creation of a federal state and the equality of representation of the States are the pillars of these institutions.. In the 19th century, the colonization of the West rapidly extended the territory through the creation of new states. European immigration is massive and rapid industrialization increasing the north-south divide that leads to the Civil War (1861-1865). After the victory of the northerners, the country experienced a reconstruction and a significant population growth, the country had 75 million inhabitants in 1900.