fme_1046924 - TROISIÈME RÉPUBLIQUE Médaille, Société de l’industrie minérale

FRENCH THIRD REPUBLIC

(4/09/1870-10/07/1940)

The Republic was proclaimed on September 4, 1870, the Prussians reached the capital on the 19th and the siege of Paris began.. Bazaine, locked up in Metz, finally capitulated without a fight on October 27, 1870. On November 3, the Government of National Defense is created. Led by Gambetta who escaped in a balloon from Paris on October 9, he withdrew first to Tours, then to Bordeaux. The winter of 1870 is very hard. Paris capitulated on January 28, 1871 and an armistice was signed. The elections of February 8, 1871 give a monarchist majority who want peace. Adolphe Thiers is appointed head of the executive of the Assembly meeting in Bordeaux on February 12. The National Guard in Paris opposes peace. The National Assembly moves to Versailles on March 20 while the Commune begins in the capital on March 26. She was crushed during the bloody week of May 21–28, 1871. On May 10, the Treaty of Frankfurt consecrates the loss of Alsace and Lorraine and the presence of an occupying army until full payment of an indemnity of 5 billion gold francs.. The treaty is ratified on May 18. Thiers is elected President of the Republic on August 31.