fwo_1121912 - ITALIE - MILAN - ANONYMES Denier au nom de l’empereur Henri VI n.d. Milan

ITALY - MILAN - ANONYMOUS

(1039-1220)

Italy, from the XIth century, will be the stake of fights between the emperor, the pope and the communes (Guelphs and Ghibellines). After Conrad II (1024-1039), Henry III (1039-1056) and Henry IV (1156-1106) succeeded each other at the head of the Holy Roman Empire. Henry IV opposes Pope Gregory VII (1073-1085). Henry was excommunicated, he submitted to Canossa in 1077. Henry V (1106-1125) led several campaigns in Italy. Lothair III (1125-1137) succeeded him, then Conrad III of Hohenstaufen (1137-1152). Frederick I Barbarossa (1152-1190) fights the papacy. Henry VI (1190-1197), then his son Frederick II (1197-1250) continued the fight. The Hohenstaufen line ends in 1268 with the execution of Conradin.