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fme_959000 - SECOND EMPIRE Médaille, Pierre Jean Béranger

SECOND EMPIRE Médaille, Pierre Jean Béranger XF/AU
70.00 €
Количество
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Тип Médaille, Pierre Jean Béranger
Дата: 1856
Металл: copper
Диаметр: 57,5 mm
Ориентация осей монеты: 12 h.
Гравер MAGNIADAS Franky
Вес: 124,24 g.
Век: lisse + main CUIVRE
Пуансон: main indicatrice (1845-1860) et CUIVRE
Комментарии о состоянии
Patine marron hétérogène, présentant des taches d’oxydation. Présence de quelques coups et rayures, notamment sur les bords de la tranche

Лицевая сторона


Аверс: легенда: PIERRE JEAN - BÉRANGER.
Аверс: описание: Buste de Pierre Jean Béranger à gauche, signé : 1856 FRANKY MAGNIADAS.

Обратная сторона


Реверс: легенда: AU POÈTE NATIONAL NÉ À PARIS LE 19 AOÛT 1780.
Реверс: Описание: Composition avec une lyre, un parchemin et divers éléments ; légende circulaire autour.

Комментарий


Pierre-Jean de Béranger, né le 19 août 1780 à Paris, et mort dans cette même ville le 16 juillet 1857, est un chansonnier français prolifique qui remporta un énorme succès à son époque. Plus connu sous le simple nom de Béranger, il est le fils de Jean-François Béranger de Mersix et de Marie-Jeanne Champy.

Историческая справка


SECOND EMPIRE

(02/12/1852-04/09/1870)

Proclaimed Emperor under the name of Napoleon III, Louis Napoleon made his solemn entry into Paris on December 2, 1852.. He married Eugénie Marie de Montijo, a Spanish aristocrat, in January 1853. His reign can be divided into three periods: the authoritarian Empire until 1860; the Liberal Empire from 1860 to 1870 then the Parliamentary Empire in 1870. During the authoritarian Empire, Napoleon III exercised his power without sharing, controlled the press while the newspapers practiced self-censorship to avoid their suppression.. The prefects exercise unlimited power in the departments, the mayors, the civil servants are appointed by the government. As under the First Empire, Education and the University are monitored. Maintaining the main principles of the revolution, the sovereignty of the people is continued thanks to the consultation by plebiscite. On the economic level, the boom is important, industrialization develops as well as credit organizations and department stores. Military prestige is increased by the Crimean War which allows France to play an international role. The attack of Orsini (January 1858) does not prevent France from intervening in Italy to make triumph the principle of nationalities and allows the attachment of Nice and Savoy by the treaty of Turin (March 1860). From 1860, the Empire moved towards more freedoms: free trade treaty with England, appearance of a weak opposition in the Legislative Body, granting of the right to strike (1864), liberalization of the press (1868). On the international level, France acquires New Caledonia, Cochinchina and encourages the digging of the Suez Canal by Ferdinand de Lesseps. In Mexico, however, support for Maximilian and Austria was a failure. The 1869 elections were very bad for the regime and the opposition obtained 45% of the votes. The regime then evolved towards a parliamentary Empire by calling Émile Ollivier, leader of the Orléanist and liberal party, to power. After Sadowa in 1866 when Prussia crushed Austria, the affair of the throne of Spain and the dispatch from Ems led to the war which was declared on July 19, 1870. Accumulating setbacks, the French army was surrounded in Metz then Napoleon III, ill, capitulated at Sedan on September 2. As soon as the news was known, the decline of the Empire was announced by Gambetta, then the Republic was proclaimed on September 4.. Napoleon III was then taken captive to Hesse and then left for Kent where he died in 1873..

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