E-auction 164-101020 - fjt_396878 - TROISIÈME RÉPUBLIQUE Centenaire de la naissance de Victor Hugo 1902

FRENCH THIRD REPUBLIC

(4/09/1870-10/07/1940)

Thiers was overthrown by the monarchists on May 24, 1873 and replaced by Marshal Mac Mahon. The mandate of the president is extended to seven years by the Assembly. The attempt to restore the Monarchy in the person of Henry V fails, because the latter refuses to give up the white flag. The constitutional laws passed on November 30, 1875 will not be modified until 1940; they bring relative political stability and rule out monarchical re-establishment. The legislative conflict of 1877, which opposed Jules Simon and the Duke of Broglie, turns to the advantage of the Republicans. The Universal Exhibition of 1878 takes place at the Trocadéro. The telephone made its appearance in Paris in 1879. Mac Mahon, in conflict with the Assembly, resigned ("submit or resign"). Jules Grévy was elected in his place. Gambetta becomes President of the Chamber of Deputies. The Prince Imperial, son of Napoleon III, is massacred by the Zulus in English uniform. July 14 became a national holiday in 1880..